NUEVA PUBLICACIÓN: EFECTO DE LA ACIDIFICACIÓN OCEÁNICA EN LA INTERACCIÓN REDOX ENTRE Fe Y ÁCIDO GÁLICO EN AGUA DE MAR
Abstract
Ocean acidification
impacts the iron (Fe) biogeochemistry both by its redox and its complexation
reactions. This has a direct effect on the ecosystems due to Fe being an essential
micronutrient. Polyphenols exudated by marine microorganisms can complex Fe(III),
modifying the Fe(II) oxidation rates as well as promoting the reduction of
Fe(III) to Fe(II) in seawater. The effect of the polyphenol gallic acid (GA;
3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid) on the oxidation and reduction of Fe was
studied. The Fe(II) oxidation rate constant decreased, increasing the
permanence of Fe(II) in solutions at nM levels. At pH = 8.0 and in the absence
of gallic acid, 69.3% of the initial Fe(II) was oxidized after 10 min. With 100
nM of gallic acid (ratio 4:1 GA:Fe), and after 30 min, 37.5% of the initial
Fe(II) was oxidized. Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II) by gallic acid in a process
that depends on the pH and composition of solution, being faster as pH
decreases. At pH > 7.00, the Fe(III) reduction rate constant in seawater was
lower than in NaCl solutions, being the difference at pH 8.0 of 1.577x10-5 s-1. Moreover, the change of the Fe(III)
rate constant with pH, within the studied range, was higher in seawater (slope
= 0.91) than in NaCl solutions (slope = 0.46). The Fe(III) reduction rate
constant increased with increasing ligand concentration, being the effect
higher at pH 7.0 [k’ = 1.078x10-4 s-1; (GA) = 250 nM] compared with that at
pH 8.0 [k’ = 3.407x10-5 s-1; (GA) = 250 nM]. Accordingly, gallic
acid reduces Fe(III) to Fe(II) in seawater, making possible the presence of
Fe(II) for longer periods and favoring its bioavailability.